What is a Patch Test for Cosmetic Products?

The Patch Test is a fundamental dermatological test for evaluating the safety of cosmetic products when they come into contact with the skin. This procedure, widely used in the cosmetics industry, allows for the controlled and safe identification of potential irritating or sensitizing reactions that a cosmetic formula may cause under normal use.

Table of contents

1. Why is a Patch Test performed?

2. Patch Test: How is it performed?

3. Why is Patch Testing important?

4. Get your Patch Test with BELAB Services

What is a Patch Test for Cosmetic Products and Why is it Important?

Why is a Patch Test performed?

European cosmetics legislation, under Regulation (EC) 1223/2009 , establishes that all cosmetic products must be safe for human health when used under normal or foreseeable conditions of use. To demonstrate this safety, especially for products intended to be in direct and prolonged contact with the skin, the Patch Test is one of the most widely used and recognized tests.

A cosmetic that causes irritation, redness, or allergic reactions can compromise both the consumer's health and the brand's reputation.

The Patch Test allows:

• Assess skin tolerance: Verify that the product does not cause skin irritation or sensitization.

• Detect adverse reactions: Allows observation of possible skin responses before marketing.

• Comply with regulatory requirements: Their results are usually included in the cosmetic safety dossier (CSF), within the toxicological evaluation section.

Patch Test: How is it performed?

Although there are different methodologies , the usual Patch Test procedure follows standardized protocols and is performed under dermatological supervision.

Usual process:

1. Volunteer Selection:

A group of people (usually between 20 and 50) is selected, representing the potential users of the product. The trials are conducted with the express consent of the participants and under ethical criteria.

2. Product application:

A small amount of the cosmetic is placed on cotton pads or occlusive patches, which are placed on sensitive areas of the skin (usually the upper back or forearm).

3. Exposure period:

The patches remain in contact with the skin for 24 to 48 hours, preventing moisture or sweat from interfering with the results.

4. Dermatological evaluation:

Once the patch is removed, a specialist examines the skin for signs of irritation, redness, itching, or any other visible changes. In some cases, additional evaluations are performed after 72 hours to detect possible delayed reactions.

5. Interpretation of results:

The observed reactions are classified according to international dermatological scales (e.g., the ICDRG scale) and the skin tolerance of the product is determined.

Why is Patch Testing important?

Performing a patch test correctly not only guarantees consumer safety, but also reinforces product quality and protects the brand's image against claims or dermatological problems.

Furthermore, having a Patch Test included in the Product Information File (PIF) demonstrates a genuine commitment to good manufacturing practices and user health.

Do you want to perform a patch test for your cosmetic product? At Belab Services, we help you manage and coordinate these types of tests with accredited laboratories and dermatological specialists.

Contact us and ensure the safety and success of your cosmetic.